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A testing method to observe the effects of additives (especially surface modifiers and waxes) by measuring the friction coefficient of the coating. ・Measurement using the Altek 9505 AER testing machine. A test panel is placed on the testing machine. One of three different weights is placed on it, and it is slowly pulled across the panel. The friction coefficient can be directly calculated and output to a recording paper.

During the application and coating process on substrates, various surface defects can occur. One cause is a significant difference in surface tension. For example, if the surface tension of the coating is higher than that of the substrate, issues such as poor wettability (high contact angle), poor adhesion, and beading can occur. This difference in surface tension can also lead to undesirable leveling and color floating during or after application or drying. BYK additives can improve or prevent these surface defects.