Knowledge of visual inspection: Camera: Size of the sensor.
Industrial cameras come in various sensor sizes.
As explained in "Whether High Pixel or Low Pixel (2)," industrial cameras come with various sensor sizes. Generally, they range from 1/3 to 1/2 inch, but there are also sizes like 1 inch. A larger sensor size means that, with the same number of pixels, the pixel size increases, resulting in: - A larger light-receiving area per pixel, allowing for shorter exposure times. - Less noise in images when using the same exposure time. - Sharper images with the same lens focusing performance (it might be easier to understand if you think that a larger pixel size makes the focus target larger). These are the advantages (however, larger sensor sizes are more expensive to produce, so the price also increases accordingly). One point to note is that if you want to change the sensor size from 1/2 inch to 1 inch to improve image quality, the angle of view (field of vision) will also change, even if you use the same lens.
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■Difference in Sensor Size The following diagram compares a 1/3 inch sensor and a 1 inch sensor side by side. (Figure 1: Left is 1/3 inch (MER-133-54u3c), right is 1 inch (MER-2000-19u3c)) As seen in the diagram above, there is approximately a threefold difference in appearance. ■Difference in Field of View If we assume the same lens is used for shooting, the same image will be projected onto each sensor. The diagram below schematically represents the imaging state of the projected person. The white rectangles indicate the areas covered by each sensor. (Figure 2: Left is 1/3 inch, right is 1 inch) As can be seen from the above illustration, the areas covered by the sensors differ, resulting in different shooting angles, and the images obtained will differ as shown below. (Figure 3: Left is 1/3 inch, right is 1 inch) Thus, even when using the same lens, a camera with a smaller sensor size will have a narrower field of view, as if the center part has been cropped. The relationship between sensor size, lens focal length, and field of view can be calculated using "Camera Shooting Range Calculation" operated by Casio Computer Co., Ltd.
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■About the "Vignetting" Phenomenon When using industrial cameras with large sensors, attention must also be paid to the lenses. Typical C-mount lenses are compatible with sensor sizes up to 1/2 inch or 2/3 inch, so if these lenses are attached to a 1-inch camera, a phenomenon called "vignetting" occurs, where the corners of the image become dark. When using cameras with large sensor sizes, it is necessary to check whether the lenses are compatible with that size. (Figure 4: State where vignetting occurs in the corners of the image. The corners of the screen are darkened.) *For more details, please refer to the related links or feel free to contact us.*
