Basic Knowledge: Introduction to Centrifuges - What is a Centrifuge?
Efficient solid-liquid separation with centrifugal force hundreds to tens of thousands of times greater than gravity / A simple explanation of the mechanism that "separates" with a force tens of thousands of times that of gravity!
A centrifuge is a device that efficiently separates solids from liquids, or immiscible liquids like water and oil, by utilizing the "centrifugal force" generated by rotation. For example, a separation that takes two days using gravity can be completed in just 30 minutes with a centrifuge. The mechanism is simple: it separates materials by utilizing differences in specific gravity through the high-speed rotation of a drum-shaped "basket." There are various types available, including "filtration type" and "sedimentation type," and they can be selected according to the application, such as top discharge or bottom discharge. They are widely used in pharmaceuticals, chemicals, food, and recycling, and are active in both laboratories and factories. This document provides an easy-to-understand explanation of the basics of centrifugation, its types, and applications for beginners. Please take a look as the first step in the "technology of separation." ◆ Free download from the catalog page ↓
basic information
Centrifuges can be selected in various specifications according to their applications and processing volumes. The basic structure involves a rotating body (basket) that spins at high speeds to generate centrifugal force, with two types: filtration type and sedimentation type. The centrifugal effect can handle forces from 600 to over 10,000 G, achieving efficient separation with forces hundreds to tens of thousands of times greater than gravitational sedimentation. There are batch and continuous processing methods, accommodating a wide range from small quantities of diverse products to large-volume continuous processing. The discharge methods are also diverse, including top discharge, bottom discharge, horizontal, diagonal, suction, and ball types, allowing for designs tailored to space and automation needs. Materials used include SUS and other metals with excellent corrosion and pressure resistance, compatible with CIP cleaning and sealed structures. They are reliably used in various industrial fields such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, food, and recycling.
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Applications/Examples of results
Centrifuges have a proven track record in various industries, contributing to the efficiency of solid-liquid and liquid-liquid separation. In the pharmaceutical field, they are used for the purification of active pharmaceutical ingredients and intermediates, achieving high-quality control through GMP-compliant automatic cleaning and closed operation. In the chemical sector, they facilitate separation, cleaning, and dehydration in the manufacturing processes of resins, pigments, and electronic materials in a short time, thereby enhancing productivity. In the food industry, they are utilized for the filtration of starch, seasonings, and beverage raw materials, as well as for the dehydration and degreasing of oils, balancing hygiene and efficiency. In the steel and textile sectors, they are used for the recycling of cutting oils and wastewater treatment, contributing to the reduction of environmental impact. Furthermore, in research institutions and universities, they have a wide range of applications from testing and development to scale-up verification with small samples. Matsumoto Machinery's centrifuges are trusted across a wide range of fields, from manufacturing to environmental measures, due to their excellent energy efficiency and cleanability.
